initiativeの意味

The U.S.-Japan Regulatory Reform and Competition Policy Initiative (Regulatory Reform Initiative)のinitiativeという言葉がわかりにくい。以下、OEDから転載する。
　通常は、訳さずに、カタカナでイニシアティブと呼ばれているが、これでは、意味不明である。なにかを積極的、主導的に行なう能力・力・権利・権力等を意味している言葉である。しかし、問題は、以上のように使用すると、政治的な主体が感じられるようになる。例えば、積極行使政治局のようにである。しかし、そのような意味はもっていない。非常に、観念的、精神的、理念的な表現である。端的に言えば、積極性／積極的能力、主導性／主導的能力、積極的行使力／実行力である。だから、上の英語は、米日規制改革・競争政策積極（主導）的行使【規制改革積極（主導）的行使】となるだろう。(p.s.　米日規制改革・競争政策主導権がいいだろう。）
　これは、PS理論から言うと、Media Pointからの同一性の力動を意味するのである。同一性力学である。権力・強制力である。
　これに対抗するには、理路整然と対抗するしかない。きちんと日本側の政策を説明して、肯定すべきは肯定し、反対すべきは反対すべきである。これに従う必要はまったくないが、しかし、たいへんな圧力であることは変わりない。腰抜け、腑抜け、売国奴の政府ではだめである。新黒船である。自民党幕府の倒幕が必要なように思える。
　維新、トランス・モダン維新が必要である。

p.s. 　U.S.-Japan という言い回しであるが、これでは、アメリカと日本で具体的な内容を協議して決めたような意味あいであるが、これは、米国の日本に対する、つまり、アメリカ・対日ということである。だから、米国・対日規制改革・競争政策主導権と訳すべきである。少なくとも、米日間規制改革・競争政策主導権である。


initiative n.

[a. F. initiative (1567 in Hatz.-Darm.), f. as initiative a.]

1. That which initiates, begins, or originates; the first step in some process or enterprise; hence the act, or action, of initiating or taking the first step or lead; beginning, commencement, origination.
on ones own initiative, by ones own origination.
1793 W. Godwin Enq. Pol. Justice iv. viii. 351 A sensation of pain was the initiative, and put my intellectual powers into action.
180910 Coleridge Friend (1837) III. 118 From the absence of the leading thought, which, borrowing a phrase from the nomenclature of legislation, I may not inaptly call the initiative.
1818 Method in Encycl. Metrop. (1847) 7 There are many marked differences between Mathematical and Physical studies; but in both a previous act and conception of the Mind, or what we have called an initiative, is indispensably necessary, even to the mere semblance of Method.
1858 J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. (1873) III. iii. iv. 324 Theodorets visits to Antioch..were not made on his own initiative.
1882 Farrar Early Chr. II. 505 Men who had followed the noble initiative of St. Paul, and who refused to receive anything from the Gentiles to whom they preached.
b. to take the initiative (F. prendre linitiative, 1567 in Hatz.-Darm.): to take the lead, make the first step, originate some action.
1856 Emerson Eng. Traits, Manners Wks. (Bohn) II. 46 He has stamina; he can take the initiative in emergencies.
1858 Buckle Civiliz. (1873) II. viii. 570 No reform can produce real good, unless it is the work of public opinion, and unless the people themselves take the initiative.
2. The power, right, or function of initiating or originating something. Hence to possess or have the initiative.
1793 W. Godwin Enq. Pol. Justice i. vii. 53 Sensation is of some moment in the affair. It possesses the initiative.
Ibid. v. xx. 544 The legislative assembly, whether it possesses the initiative, or a power of control only, in executive affairs.
1802 Morn. Chron. in Spirit Pub. Jrnls. (1803) VI. 302 If..Mr. Henry Addington is to have the initiative in the Docks.
1842 Brande Dict. Sci., etc. s.v., That branch of the legislature to which belongs of right the power to propose measures of a particular class is said to have the initiative with respect to those measures.
1844 Lever T. Burke (1857) II. 113 The initiative lay with you.
b. spec., Pol. Sci. The right of a citizen or defined number of citizens, outside the Legislature, to originate legislation, as has been established in some of the Swiss Cantons since 186970, and in Switzerland as a Federal Republic since 1874.
1889 Adams & Cunningham Swiss Confed. vi. 80 Both Referendum and Initiative are institutions which have grown up gradually in the Cantons, spreading from one to another.
1891 Speaker 11 July 36/1 The Initiative, or right of a body of citizens outside the Legislature to initiate proposals for the abolition, alteration, or enactment of laws.
1898 Hazells Annual 643 (Switzerland) The principles of the Referendum and of the Initiative are in force. The latter signifies the right of any 50,000 citizens to demand a direct popular vote on any constitutional question.

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American Heritageから

in•i•tia•tive n.

1. The power or ability to begin or to follow through energetically with a plan or task; enterprise and determination. 2. A beginning or introductory step; an opening move: took the initiative in trying to solve the problem. 3. a. The power or right to introduce a new legislative measure. b. The right and procedure by which citizens can propose a law by petition and ensure its submission to the electorate. adj. 1. Of or relating to initiation. 2. Used to initiate; initiatory.